How do you start VIM and open a file?

Run vim filename — it opens the file (or creates it if missing), starting you in Normal mode.

vim /etc/passwd

This loads /etc/passwd for viewing/editing. A crucial first-timer fact: you land in Normal mode, not typing mode. Pressing letters runs commands rather than inserting text — press i first to actually type. (This is the classic "why can't I type in vim?!" trap.)

If vim opens a file you can't write, the status line shows [readonly] — you can browse but :w will refuse unless you force it (and have permission).

Basic startup options:

• vim filename - Open/create file
• vim - Open VIM without file
• vim +42 file - Open file at line 42
• vim -R file - Open read-only

Tip: The file shown as [readonly] means you don't have write permission.