How do you turn ordinary reading into retrieval practice?

Convert each heading into a question, then answer it from memory before you read the section — and check afterward.

Instead of reading passively:

• Take a heading ("Symmetric encryption") and make it a question ("What is symmetric encryption, and what's its main weakness?").
• Attempt the answer from memory first.
• Read the section to confirm or correct.

The upfront guess primes you to notice what you didn't know (this also relates to the "desirable difficulty" of pre-testing). It costs a little friction, which is exactly why it works — effort during study is the price of retention.