How do you XOR hexadecimal values? Calculate: A7 XOR 3C

Convert each hex digit to 4-bit binary, XOR the bits, then convert back to hex. Result: 9B.

A7 hex = 1010 0111
3C hex = 0011 1100
XOR    = 1001 1011 = 9B hex

Method:

1. Convert each hex digit to its 4-bit nibble (A=1010, 7=0111, 3=0011, C=1100)
2. XOR the binary representations bit by bit
3. Convert the result back to hex (1001=9, 1011=B)

Tip: With practice, you can XOR hex digits directly by memorizing common pairs, but converting to binary is always reliable.