What distinguishes "fake news" from rumours, gossip, urban legends or satire?

Intent: fake news is deliberately fabricated to manipulate — to grab attention/clicks, wear down or unsettle an opponent, sow doubt, or recruit — whereas rumours, gossip, legends and satire are not produced as strategic deception.

The line is about purpose, not merely falsehood:

Digitalisation cuts both ways here. The upside is a democratisation of public voice — classic gatekeepers like newspapers lose their monopoly. The downside is that the "truth-value" of news is no longer reliably checkable, because anyone can publish convincing-looking falsehood at scale. Satire and gossip can be false too, but they don't carry the manipulative intent that defines fake news.