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Quiz Entry - updated: 2026.07.14

What is the difference between the naturalistic fallacy and the moralistic fallacy?

The naturalistic fallacy infers "ought" from "is"; the moralistic fallacy infers "is" from "ought" — both confuse facts with values.

Naturalistic fallacy Moralistic fallacy
Direction is → ought ought → is
Form "It's natural/the case, so it's good/right" "It would be wrong, so it isn't the case"
Example "Aggression is natural, so it's morally acceptable" "Discrimination is wrong, so people can't really differ"

Both ignore the is–ought gap (David Hume): you cannot derive a value (an ought) purely from facts (an is), and equally you cannot conclude a fact from a moral wish. The naturalistic fallacy launders nature into permission; the moralistic fallacy launders a moral preference into a claim about reality.

Tip: Same gap, opposite directions. Naturalistic = "is, therefore ought." Moralistic = "ought, therefore is." Both pretend you can cross from facts to values (or back) for free.

From Quiz: CTIU / Philosophy Basics II | Updated: Jul 14, 2026